Name: 
 

Cell Structure and Function Online Review


Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
nar003-1.jpg
 

 1. 
Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled A is most likely a
a.
DNA molecule.
c.
signal molecule.
b.
chromosome.
d.
marker protein.
 

 2. 
Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled B in the diagram is an example of a
a.
channel protein.
c.
marker protein.
b.
receptor protein.
d.
None of the above
 

 3. 
The smallest units of life are
a.
cells.
c.
chloroplasts.
b.
mitochondria.
d.
None of the above
 

 4. 
The cell membrane
a.
allows materials to enter and leave the cell.
b.
is selectively permeable.
c.
encloses the contents of a cell.
d.
All of the above
 

 5. 
Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
a.
bacterium
c.
amoeba
b.
virus
d.
liver cell
 

 6. 
Which of the following is a major principle upon which cell theory is based?
a.
All cells are eukaryotic.
c.
All organisms are made of cells.
b.
 All cells have DNA.
d.
All cells form by free-cell formation.
 

 7. 
Which type of molecule forms a lipid bilayer within a cell membrane?
a.
phospholipid
c.
carbohydrate
b.
protein
d.
nucleic acid
 

 8. 
Elongated proteins on the surface of a cell and that identify the cell are called
a.
enzymes.
c.
marker proteins.
b.
channel proteins.
d.
receptor proteins.
 

 9. 
Only eukaryotic cells have
a.
membrane-bound organelles.
c.
ribosomes.
b.
DNA.
d.
cytoplasm.
 

 10. 
Water enters a cell when the solution surrounding the cell is
a.
hypotonic to the cell.
c.
weak.
b.
hypertonic to the cell.
d.
concentrated.
 

 11. 
A microscope with a 40´ objective lens and a 10´ ocular lens produces a total magnification of
a.
400´.
c.
4000´.
b.
40´.
d.
14´.
 

 12. 
A structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs a specific function is called a(n)
a.
tissue.
c.
biocenter.
b.
organelle.
d.
organ tissue.
 

 13. 
Which process is occurring when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell?
a.
osmosis
c.
endocytosis
b.
exocytosis
d.
phagocytosis
 

 14. 
A solution that is hypotonic to a cell has
a.
the same concentration of solutes as
the cell.
c.
more solutes than the cell.
b.
too many solutes.
d.
fewer solutes than the cell.
 

 15. 
Phospholipids are molecules that
a.
contain phosphate.
b.
have nonpolar “tails” and polar “heads.”
c.
form the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
d.
All of the above
 

 16. 
One difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that
a.
Golgi vesicles are found only in prokaryotes.
b.
mitochondria are found in larger quantities in eukaryotes.
c.
prokaryotes do not have a nucleus.
d.
nucleic acids are found only in prokaryotes.
 
 
nar002-1.jpg
 

 17. 
Refer to the illustration above. The structure that acts as a gate to the cell’s interior is labeled
a.
A.
c.
B.
b.
D.
d.
C.
 

 18. 
Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled A is composed of
a.
proteins.
c.
carbohydrates.
b.
phospholipids.
d.
amino acids
 

 19. 
Most of the food and waste materials that move into and out of a cell pass through
a.
enzymes.
c.
channel proteins.
b.
receptor proteins.
d.
marker proteins.
 

 20. 
Which of the following does not require energy?
a.
diffusion
c.
active transport
b.
endocytosis
d.
sodium-potassium pump
 

 21. 
Diffusion is the movement of a substance
a.
only through a lipid bilayer membrane.
b.
from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration.
c.
only in liquids.
d.
from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
 

 22. 
The diffusion of water into or out of a cell is called
a.
solubility.
c.
selective transport.
b.
osmosis.
d.
endocytosis.
 

 23. 
Proteins that act like selective passageways in the cell membrane are known as
a.
marker proteins.
c.
receptor proteins.
b.
channel proteins.
d.
None of the above
 

 24. 
Proteins involved in facilitated diffusion are
a.
carrier proteins.
c.
Both (a) and (b)
b.
receptor proteins.
d.
None of the above
 

 25. 
Unlike passive transport, active transport
a.
requires energy.
b.
moves substances down their concentration gradient.
c.
does not involve carrier proteins.
d.
All of the above
 

 26. 
Which organelle is the storehouse for most of a cell’s genetic information?
a.
mitochondrion
c.
centriole
b.
chloroplast
d.
nucleus
 

 27. 
Which phrase best describes rough ER?
a.
studded with ribosomes
c.
connected to the Golgi apparatus
b.
protected by vesicles
d.
 stored in the central vacuole
 

 28. 
Which organelles supply energy to the cell?
a.
ribosomes
c.
mitochondria
b.
centrosomes
d.
 vacuoles
 

 29. 
Which organelles contain enzymes that break down old cell parts?
a.
centrosomes
c.
vacuoles
b.
lysosomes
d.
chloroplasts
 

 30. 
A solution that is hypotonic to a cell has
a.
more solutes than the cell.
c.
the same concentration of solutes as the cell.
b.
fewer solutes than the cell.
d.
too many solutes.
 

 31. 
Which process is occurring when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell?
a.
endocytosis
c.
exocytosis
b.
phagocytosis
d.
osmosis
 

 32. 
Cell theory establishes which of the following conclusions about cells?
a.
All cells have the same size and
shape.
c.
All cells are produced by other living
cells.
b.
All cells form by free-cell formation.
d.
All cells have a cell wall.
 

 33. 
Water enters a cell when the solution surrounding the cell is
a.
concentrated.
c.
weak.
b.
hypotonic to the cell.
d.
 hypertonic to the cell.
 

 34. 
Which phrase best describes the process of facilitated diffusion?
a.
moves molecules against a concentration gradient
c.
moves only nonpolar molecules
b.
requires ATP
d.
requires no energy from the cell
 
 
nar001-1.jpg
 

 35. 
Refer to the illustration above. Which structure immediately identifies this cell as a eukaryote?
a.
structure 1
c.
structure 3
b.
structure 2
d.
structure 4
 

 36. 
Refer to the illustration above. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are found in
a.
structure 1.
c.
structure 3.
b.
structure 2.
d.
structure 5.
 

 37. 
Refer to the illustration. Structure 1 is
a.
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
c.
a mitochondrion.
b.
a Golgi apparatus.
d.
the nucleus.
 

 38. 
Refer to the illustration above. Structure 5 is
a.
part of the endoplasmic reticulum.
c.
a mitochondrion.
b.
a Golgi apparatus.
d.
the nucleus.
 

 39. 
Refer to the illustration above. Structure 2 is
a.
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
c.
a mitochondrion.
b.
a Golgi apparatus.
d.
the nucleus.
 

 40. 
Refer to the illustration above. The cell uses structure 3
a.
to transport material from one part of the cell to another.
b.
to package proteins so they can be stored by the cell.
c.
as a receptor protein.
d.
to produce ATP.
 

 41. 
Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown is probably an animal cell because it
a.
has mitochondria.
c.
has a cell membrane.
b.
does not have a cell wall.
d.
does not have a nucleus.
 

 42. 
One important organelle that helps maintain homeostasis by moving substances from one part of the cell to another is the
a.
endoplasmic reticulum.
c.
Golgi apparatus.
b.
mitochondrion.
d.
cytoplasm.
 

 43. 
The packaging and distribution center of the cell is the
a.
nucleus.
c.
central vacuole.
b.
Golgi apparatus.
d.
nuclear envelope.
 

 44. 
A cell that requires a lot of energy might contain large numbers of
a.
chromosomes.
c.
mitochondria.
b.
vacuoles.
d.
lysosomes.
 

 45. 
Plant cells have a large membrane-bound space in which water, waste products, and nutrients can be stored. This space is called the
a.
mitochondrion.
c.
Golgi apparatus.
b.
chloroplast.
d.
vacuole.
 



 
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