Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
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1
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In the late 1800s, Christiaan Eijkman studied a disease called beriberi, which
is caused by a vitamin deficiency. A disease similar to beriberi occurred in chickens that were fed
polished rice, which is rice that has had the bran layer removed. Chickens that ate unpolished rice
did not get the disease.
Eijkman convinced officials of a prison experiencing an outbreak of the
disease to start feeding the prisoners unpolished rice. The rate of beriberi decreased dramatically.
Which procedure would best convince other scientists who questioned his results?
[a.1.b]
A) | Compare chickens that ate polished rice to prisoners who ate polished
rice. | C) | Feed prisoners chickens that ate only unpolished rice. | B) | Study other types of
animals that had a disease similar to beriberi. | D) | Provide the same number of prisoners with
polished rice as with unpolished rice. |
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2
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After you record your data from an experiment you should
[a.3.d]
A) | Form a hypothesis. | C) | Summarize your findings in a conclusion | B) | Publish your results
and share them with colleagues. | D) | Pack up and go home. |
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3
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A hypothesis is a [a.3.a]
A) | proven statement. | B) | concluding statement. | C) | definite answer to a
given problem. | D) | testable possible explanation of an observation. |
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4
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A scientist testing the affects of a chemical on apple yield sprays an orchard
with the chemical. A second orchard does not receive the chemical. In the fall, the number of apples
harvested from each forest is counted. Which of the following is the independent variable in the
experiment? [a.1.b]
A) | the chemical | C) | the first orchard | B) | the second orchard | D) | the number of
apples |
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5
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If a theory is challenged by new evidence, which of the following could occur?
[a.3.e]
A) | the evidence is wrong | C) | the theory is accepted, not the evidence | B) | the theory could be
altered | D) | a vote is taken on
whether to accept the new evidence |
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6
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Factors in an experiment that do not change from group to group are called
[a.1.b]
A) | dependent variables | C) | constants | B) | independent variables | D) | controls |
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7
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A planned procedure to test a hypothesis is called a(n) [a.3.a]
A) | experiment. | C) | variable. | B) | control. | D) | prediction. |
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8
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A scientist hypothesizes the temperature at which an alligator's egg is
incubated will determine whether the alligator will be male or female. The dependent variable is
[a.1.b]
A) | the incubator | C) | the gender of the alligator | B) | the male
alligators | D) | the
temperature |
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9
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You state that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold.
This is a(an) [a.1.b]
A) | experiment. | B) | analysis. | C) | conclusion. | D) | hypothesis. |
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10
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Lydia works in a flower shop after school. Lydia notices that the hydrangeas in
Container 1 have pink blossoms, while the hydrangeas in Container 2 have blue blossoms. She makes
sure they all receive the same amount of light and water. Her boss tells her that the flowers
were grown for the same seed variety. She discovers, after testing the soil, that
although the same type of soil was used,isoil in Container 1 has a pH of 6.0, and the soil in
Container 2 has a pH of 5.0.
Lydia most likely conducted her investigation to answer what question
about hydrangeas? [a.1.b]
A) | Do varying degrees of light affect hydrangea color? | C) | What role do genetic factors play
in hydrangea color? | B) | How does the chemistry of the soil affect the
color of hydrangea blossoms? | D) | What type of soil will produce a hydrangea with both pink and blue
blossoms? |
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11
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Which of the following is not necessarily a distinct property of living
things? [a.4.a]
A) | metabolism | C) | reproduction | B) | homeostasis | D) | complexity |
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Use the following passage to answer questions 12 and 13.
Mrs.
Lewis set up a lab for her biology students using a culture of the small crustacean Daphnia,
obtained from a pond that was 20°C. The students are to investigate the effect temperature has
on Daphnia. The students will observe the crustacean’s heartbeat under the microscope,
at different temperatures, and count the number of heartbeats per sec.
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12
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What is the dependent variable in this experiment? [a.1.b]
A) | Type of microscope used | C) | Temperature of the
samples | B) | Number of Daphnia in the cultures | D) | Number of
heartbeats/sec |
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13
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If the experiment is designed correctly, what will the students choose for the
experimental treatment? [a.1.b]
A) | Placing 5 cultures, each with a different type of crustacean, at
20°C | C) | Placing 5 identical cultures of Daphnia at 20°C | B) | Placing each of 5
identical cultures of Daphnia at a different temperature | D) | Placing 5 cultures, each with a different type
of crustacean, at a different temperature |
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14
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Dr. Hansen performs an experiment testing the effectiveness of different cough
syrups. Identify the dependent variable in the experiment. [a.1.b]
A) | Type of cough syrup | C) | Flavor of the cough syrup | B) | The frequency of
coughing in the people taking the cough syrup | D) | Number of people taking each cough
syrup |
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15
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A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations is a(an)
[a.3.e]
A) | controlled experiment. | B) | hypothesis. | C) | inference. | D) | theory. |
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16
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In science, a hypothesis is useful only if [a.3.a]
A) | it can be tested. | B) | it can be proven incorrect. | C) | it is proven
correct. | D) | the explanation is already known. |
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17
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In testing whether plants will grow better if you play music for them on a daily
basis, which of the following would be the control group? [a.1.b]
A) | A room that has no plants in it but receives ample light. | C) | A group of plants
that are watered daily and receive ample light in a room with no music playing. | B) | A group of plants
that are watered daily and receive ample light in a room with music playing. | D) | A group of plants in a dark room with music
playing. |
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18
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All living organisms are composed of [a.4.a]
A) | cellulose. | C) | diatoms. | B) | cells. | D) | prions. |
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19
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The process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable
is called [a.4.a]
A) | homeostasis. | B) | evolution. | C) | metabolism. | D) | photosynthesis. |
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20
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A scientific theory [a.3.a]
A) | is unchangeable. | B) | may be revised as new evidence is
presented. | C) | is a controlled experiment. | D) | is absolutely
certain. |
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21
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Randi wanted to know how increased carbon dioxide in the air affects the growth
of plants. Which experimental setup is best? [a.1.a]
A) | Compare dandelions grown along a roadside with dandelions grown in a large
field. | C) | Compare dandelions grown along a roadside with dandelions grown in a
greenhouse. | B) | Compare orchids grown in a greenhouse to pansies grown in a home
garden. | D) | Compare orchids
grown in a tree with dandelions grown in a home. |
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22
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Ebola virus is a potentially deadly virus in the blood which causes Ebola fever.
Ebola virus is often spread by monkeys. Scientists used 2 groups of monkey kidney cells in an
experiment to confirm the first human case of Ebola fever. The scientists inoculated cells in Group 1
with samples of the Ebola virus taken from a human with Ebola fever. They did not inoculate the cells
in Group 2.
What was the experimental group in the experiment? [a.1.b]
A) | The Ebola virus | C) | Monkey kidney cells in Group 1 | B) | All of the monkey
kidney cells | D) | Monkey kidney
cells in Group 2 |
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23
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An experiment that tests only one factor at a time by using a comparison of a
control group and an experimental group is? [a.1.b]
A) | a dependent variable | C) | a theory | B) | an independent variable | D) | a controlled
experiment |
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24
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All the things in an experiment that must be the same to make it fair are called
[a.1.b]
A) | dependent variables | C) | controlled variables or constants | B) | independent
variables | D) | controlled
experiments |
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25
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A student wants to determine whether temperature affects the rate at which mold
grows on bread. The student puts one piece of bread inside a Petri dish, closes the lid, and places
the Petri dish in the refrigerator. Which treatment would be the best comparison for this experiment?
[a.4.c]
A) | Placing another piece of bread in an open Petri dish in the same
refrigerator | C) | Placing another piece of bread in an open Petri dish on the
countertop | B) | Placing another piece of bread in a closed Petri dish in the same
refrigerator | D) | Placing
another piece of bread in a closed Petri dish on teh countertop |
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