Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1
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Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in
their proper sequence?
A) | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase,
cytokinesis | B) | interphase, prophase,
metaphase, telophase | C) | interphase, prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase | D) | prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase |
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2
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During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having
eight chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing
A) | two chromosomes. | B) | eight chromosomes. | C) | sixteen
chromosomes. | D) | four
chromosomes. |
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3
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Crossing over is an important factor in increasing
the
A) | genetic diversity of a species. | C) | frequency with which a recessive allele is masked. | B) | likelihood of linkage among genes on sister chromatids. | D) | chances that purebred
offspring will inherit desirable traits. |
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4
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Meiosis, in humans, produces cells with how many
chromosomes?
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5
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Mitosis is a process by which
A) | DNA is replicated. | C) | cells grow in
size. | B) | cytokinesis occurs. | D) | a cell’s nucleus
divides. |
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6
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Which phrase best describes budding?
A) | parent organism sends off runner that grows into new
organism. | C) | parent organism sprouts projection that becomes new
organism. | B) | parent organism splits into pieces, each of which forms a new
organism. | D) | parent organism produces eggs and sperm, which form a new
organism. |
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7
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Cytokinesis in plant cells involves the formation
of
A) | a cell plate. | C) | replicated
chromosomes. | B) | centrioles. | D) | spindle fibers. |
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8
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Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the
cell cycle?
A) | S ®G1 ®G2® M ®C | C) | C ® M® G1 ®S ®G2 | B) | G1® S®
G2® M ®C | D) | G1® G2® S ®M ®C |
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9
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The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the
arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called
A) | anaphase. | C) | telophase. | B) | prophase. | D) | metaphase. |
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10
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During the synthesis stage of the cell cycle, a
cell
A) | duplicates its DNA. | C) | carries out its
normal functions. | B) | divides its
cytoplasm. | D) | splits into two new cells. |
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11
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A mutation caused by a piece of DNA breaking away from its
chromosome and becoming attached to a nonhomologous chromosome is called
A) | translocation. | C) | inversion. | B) | duplication. | D) | deletion. |
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12
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Refer to the illustration above. The process shown in the
diagrams is
A) | mitosis. | C) | dominance. | B) | chromosomal
mutation. | D) | meiosis. |
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13
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The number of chromosomes in a human gamete is 23. The
number of chromosomes found in a human somatic cell is
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14
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Which of the following statements is true of homologous
chromosomes?
A) | They are exact copies. | C) | They divide
during meiosis II. | B) | They contain the same
genes. | D) | They connect to each other. |
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Figure 10-2
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15
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The structures labeled B in Figure 10-2 are
called
A) | sister chromatids. | B) | centrioles. | C) | spindles. | D) | centromeres. |
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16
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The structure labeled A in Figure 10-2 is called
the
A) | sister chromatid. | B) | spindle. | C) | centromere. | D) | centriole. |
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17
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Fragmentation is an example of
A) | sexual reproduction. | C) | asexual
reproduction. | B) | endosymbiosis. | D) | meiosis. |
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18
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During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate
from each other?
A) | telophase | C) | metaphase | B) | prophase | D) | anaphase |
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19
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In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact
by
A) | wrapping tightly around associated
proteins. | B) | being enzymatically changed into a
protein. | C) | breaking apart into separate genes. | D) | extending to form very long, thin molecules. |
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20
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The condition in which a diploid cell is missing a
chromosome is called
A) | quadrasomy | C) | trisomy
| B) | bisomy | D) | monosomy
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21
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Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the
ability to control their
A) | growth rate. | B) | size. | C) | spindle
fibers. | D) | surface area. |
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22
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Chromatids are
A) | prokaryotic nuclei. | B) | bacterial chromosomes. | C) | joined strands of
duplicated genetic material. | D) | dense patches within the
nucleus. |
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23
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The X and Y chromosomes are called the
A) | phenotypes. | C) | sex
chromosomes. | B) | extra
chromosomes. | D) | autosomes |
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24
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A student can study a karyotype to learn about
the
A) | genes that are present in a particular strand of
DNA. | B) | molecular structure of a chromosome. | C) | chromosomes present in a somatic cell. | D) | medical history of an individual. |
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25
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The body cell of a cat has 38 chromosomes. An egg cell from
this cat will have
A) | 46 chromosomes | C) | 72
chromosomes | B) | 38 chromosomes
| D) | 19 chromosomes |
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26
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The first three phases of the cell cycle are collectively
known as
A) | mitosis. | C) | cellular
respiration. | B) | interphase. | D) | telophase. |
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27
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The process of mitosis produces
A) | 4 haploid cells | C) | 4 diploid
cells | B) | 2 haploid
cells | D) | 2 diploid cells |
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28
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*What is the purpose of mitosis?
A) | To produce 4 cells, each with half the normal number of
chromosomes | C) | To produce 2 cells, each with 1 complete set of
chromosomes | B) | To produce 2 cells, each
with half the normal number of chromosomes | D) | To produce 4 cells, each
with 1 complete set of chromosomes |
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29
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Which of the following cell types is haploid?
A) | liver cell | C) | germ
cell | B) | sperm cell | D) | somatic
cell |
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30
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Normal human females develop from fertilized eggs containing
which of the following sex chromosome combinations?
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31
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In human sexual reproduction, a male haploid gamete and a
female haploid gamete unite to form a(n)
A) | zygote with 23 chromosomes | C) | egg cell with 46 chromosomes | B) | zygote with 46
chromosomes | D) | sperm cell with 23 chromosomes |
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32
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Binary fission
A) | produces excess energy. | B) | is the process by which bacteria reproduce. | C) | creates new species. | D) | occurs when two cells
collide with each other. |
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33
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The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of
meiosis is that
A) | the chromosomes line up at the equator in anaphase
I. | B) | chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase
I. | C) | centromeres do not exist in anaphase
I. | D) | crossing-over occurs only in anaphase of
mitosis. |
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Figure 10-1
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34
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The division of chromosomes occurs in Figure 10-1 during
letter
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35
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The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a
pair of chromosomes
A) | ensures that variations within a species never
occur. | B) | always produces genetic disorders. | C) | does not act as a source of variations within a species. | D) | is called crossing over. |
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36
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*What occurs during metaphase I of meiosis?
A) | Centromeres divide as sister chromatids move toward opposite
poles of the cell. | C) | Centromeres of replicated chromosomes line up
along the cell’s equator. | B) | Homologous chromosome pairs
line up along the cell’s equator. | D) | Homologous chromosomes move
toward opposite poles of the cell. |
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37
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Separation of homologues occurs during
A) | mitosis. | C) | fertilization. | B) | meiosis
II. | D) | meiosis I. |
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38
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Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing
genes that code for
A) | different traits. | C) | same
traits. | B) | cytosol. | D) | DNA. |
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39
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Trisomy is a mutation that results in a cell having an
extra
A) | codon. | C) | chromosome. | B) | gene. | D) | nitrogen base. |
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40
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What does a cell make during the synthesis stage of the cell
cycle?
A) | daughter cells | C) | greater surface
area
| B) | a copy of DNA | D) | more
organelles |
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